5.0 Políticas internacionais

Construção de euro-regiões do interior

Doing Business 2019: Training for Reform

[Recurso eletrónico] “Doing Business 2019 is the 16th in a series of annual reports investigating the regulations that enhance business activity and those that constrain it. Doing Business presents quantitative indicators on business regulation and the protection of property rights that can be compared across 190 economies—from Afghanistan to Zimbabwe—and over time.ƒ Regulations affecting 11 areas of the life of a business are covered: starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, resolving insolvency and labor market regulation. The labor market regulation data are not included in this year’s ranking on the ease of doing business.ƒ Data in Doing Business 2019 are current as of May 1, 2018. The indicators are used to analyze economic outcomes and identify what reforms of business regulation have worked, where and why.”
[Retirado de World Bank (2019). “Doing Business 2019: Training for Reform”. The World Bank Group.]

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Forum para a Competitividade: Perspectivas Empresariais Nº 5 1º Trimestre de 2019 22 de Abril de 2019

[Recurso eletrónico] “A economia portuguesa deve desacelerar nos próximos anos, quer por razões do lado da oferta, quer do lado da procura. Excluindo as previsões extremas, o PIB de 2019 deve crescer entre 1,6% e 1,9%.
Em termos sectoriais, espera-se abrandamento na agricultura, indústria, comércio e turismo, estabilização nos outros serviços e melhoria na construção.
O crescimento do emprego deverá abrandar também e a taxa de desemprego deverá cair de forma mais lenta. A conjuntura internacional está em clara deterioração, embora seja prematuro falar em recessão. Os riscos principais são as guerras comerciais e o Brexit, que poderão levar a novas revisões em baixa do crescimento económico ao longo de 2019. Registe-se, como nota positiva, que a China e a Índia deverão manter um forte crescimento. A Euribor a 6 meses deverá permanecer negativa durante todo o ano de 2019.
A recente subida do preço do petróleo não parece sustentável e os preços do gás natural devem cair ao longo do ano. A Eslováquia, depois de um começo difícil, tem vindo a aplicar um conjunto muito alargado de reformas, o que lhe permitiu passar de um rendimento per capita de 45,7% da UE em 1993 para 81,4% da UE em 2018, tendo ultrapassado Portugal em 2012. É um caso de sucesso que merece ser estudado com maior detalhe, em particular as reformas na área fiscal (redução de impostos e simplificação fiscal); liberalização do mercado de trabalho; reforma da educação e a luta contra a corrupção.”
[Retirado do Resumo Executivo de “Forum para a Competitividade: Perspectivas Empresariais”. Nº 5 1º Trimestre de 2019 22 de Abril de 2019]

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Guide de l’évaluation socioéconomique des investissements publics

[Recurso eletrónico] “Sous l’autorité du comité d’experts des méthodes d’évaluation socioéconomique des investissements publics, présidé par Roger Guesnerie, professeur au Collège de France et président honoraire de Paris School of Economics La rédaction de ce guide a été assurée par Carole Gostner, DG Trésor, et Jincheng Ni, France Stratégie, sous le pilotage de Dominique Auverlot, France Stratégie, Benjamin Delozier et Alexis Loublier, DG Trésor.”
[Retirado de Trésor, F., 2017. Guide le l’évaluation socioéconomique des investissements publics, France Strategie. France.]

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PRR – Recuperar Portugal, Construindo o Futuro 2021

[Recurso eletrónico] A pandemia causada pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2, para além de representar uma emergência de saúde pública, que obrigou a respostas imediatas no plano sanitário, desencadeou uma retração generalizada da atividade económica, originando impactos sem precedentes e severas consequências de ordem económica e social à escala mundial. O PRR português é um programa de aplicação nacional, com um período de execução até 2026, e vai implementar um conjunto de reformas e de investimentos que permitirá ao país retomar o crescimento económico sustentado, reforçando o objetivo de convergência com a Europa ao longo da próxima década. [Retirado de PRR – Recuperar Portugal, Construindo o Futuro 2021]

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Shifts in Economic Geography and their Causes

[Recurso eletrónico] “This paper analyses some of the forces that are changing the spatial distribution of activity in the world economy. It draws on the ‘new economic geography’ literature to argue the importance of increasing returns to scale and cumulative causation processes in shaping the productivity and comparative advantage of different regions. In the presence of such increasing returns there may be persistent spatial disparities in productivity. Economic development will tend to be ‘lumpy’, with some regions (countries, or smaller areas such as cities) experiencing rapid growth and others being left behind.”
[Retirado de Venables, Anthony James. (2006). “Shifts in Economic Geography and their Causes”. Centre for Economic Performance. CEP Discussion Paper No 767. December 2006]

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Finances locales, finances de l’État et financement de la ville

[Recurso eletrónico] Le financement des services publics urbains repose sur deux canaux d’inégale importance. L’urbanisme opérationnel offre une première possibilité de capitaliser dans la charge foncière une fraction du coût des investissements d’accompagnement des Zones d’aménagement concertée (ZAC) ou des Plans d’aménagement
d’ensemble (PAE). Les participations directes des acquéreurs de logements, complétées par la taxe locale d’équipement, ne couvrent toutefois qu’une proportion limitée des dépenses. L’essentiel du financement provient, de ce fait, des contributions fiscales annuelles des redevables locaux et indirectement nationaux via les dotations et subventions de l’État.
[Retirado de Guengant, Alain (2006). “Finances locales, finances de l’État et financement de la ville”. In: Revue d’économie financière, n°86, 2006. Le financement de la ville. pp. 111-125.]

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OECD (2018), OECD Regions and Cities at a Glance 2018, OECD Publishing, Paris

[Recurso eletrónico] This report looks at how regions and cities across the OECD are progressing towards stronger economies, higher quality of life for their citizens and more inclusive societies. This edition presents regional and metropolitan updates for more than 40 indicators to assess disparities within countries and their evolution since the turn of the new millennium. The report covers all OECD countries and, where data is available, Brazil, People’s Republic of China, Colombia, Lithuania, Peru, the Russian Federation, Tunisia and South Africa.
[Retirado de OECD (2018), OECD Regions and Cities at a Glance 2018, OECD Publishing, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1787/reg_cit_glance-2018-en]

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The Danish Regions in Brief

On 1 January 2007, the five new regions are established: The Capital Region of Denmark, The Sealand Region, Region of Southern Denmark, Central Denmark Region, and North Denmark Region. With this leaflet ”The Danish Regions – in Brief”, Danish Regions wishes to provide an overview of the tasks and finances of the five regions.
[Retirado de Danish Regions (2007). “The Danish Regions in Brief”. 3rd revised edition. Danish Regions. 2007]

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Eurostat-OECD Methodological Manual on Purchasing Power Parities

[Recurso eletrónico] “For the last three decades, Eurostat and OECD have worked together in producing and publishing Purchasing Power Parities (PPPs) for their respective member countries. PPPs are essential tools for the comparison of price and volume levels of GDP and other indicators. The common programme is called the “Eurostat-OECD PPP Programme”. The full methodology underlying the Programme is described in this second edition of the EurostatOECD Methodological Manual on Purchasing Power Parities. It updates and replaces the first edition of the manual that was published in 2006. The manual describes the organisation of the work and the data collection, validation and calculation methods as applied for the reference year 2011. Finally, the manual looks ahead at future developments in key areas such as health services and the further integration of PPP and CPI data collection.”
[Retirado do Foreword de Comissão Europeia /OECD (2012). “Eurostat-OECD Methodological Manual on Purchasing Power Parities”.

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Concatedral de Miranda do Douro

A Catedral de Miranda do Douro surge no decurso da criação da Diocese em Miranda do Douro e respetiva elevação da vila a cidade no ano de 1545. O projeto insere-se na tipologia de Sés mandadas construir por D. João III, cujo investimento se reflete na escala da edificação, que se destaca entre a restante malha urbana. Com traça de Gonçalo de Torralva e Miguel de Arruda, as obras tiveram início em 1552. Deste período chegou ao presente o corpo da igreja, pelo que a fachada que hoje observamos resulta de uma campanha construtiva posterior. Classificada como Monumento Nacional desde 1910, é o símbolo maior de Miranda do Douro.